Official Name: Russian
Federation.
Capital: Moscow.
President: Vladimir Putin.
Form of government:
Federal semi-presidential
constitutional republic.
Official language: Russian.
Population: 144,554,993 habitants.
Area: 17,075,200 kilometers.
GDP (PPP): $3,866,330 million.
Religions: Russian Orthodox (41%), spiritual but not
religious (25%), Atheism
(13%), Islam
(6.5%), Undecided (5.5%), Unaffiliated Christian
(4.1%), Other Christian/religion (1.7%), Other Orthodox
(1.5%), Slavic native faith, other Pagan
and Tengrist
(1.2%), Tibetan Buddhism (0.5%).
ONU member: October 24th, 1945.
Delegate name: Emiliano Aguilar
González
Founded in the 12th
century, the Principality of Muscovy, was able to emerge from over 200 years of
Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding
principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia
to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled
1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed
the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were
made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05
contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a
parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army
in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian
Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists
under Vladimir LENIN seized power
soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Losif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian
dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. The
Soviet economy and society stagnated in the following decades until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91)
introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to
modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by
December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent
republics.
The U.S. as the strongest and most renowned country in
the world is an admiring country with a policy that has a high impact
especially on underdeveloped countries that sees their policies as a model to
follow. It's still legal to own guns which have cause many tragedies. The
actual policies have been debated and discussed which have made that the population
has already been divided in two sides; the "violent" ones (have guns
and use them in violent acts) and the "peaceful" ones (don't have any
guns and want to stop violence). This discussion will be kept a lot time in the
U.S. because the laws of the Constitution gives the right that bear arms are
legal which the people take advantage of it and use it in a violent way. Many
other countries wants to help U.S. to change the gun control policy but the problem
is that it can only be solve by the U.S. Government which it's a very difficult
process to make because first is a law, second 49% of households has guns and
third Donald Trump J. is happy with the ability of guns and isn't any hurry to
change it.
The
U.S. gun control policy and acts has a great impact in the UN which it[s
convinced that causes a lot of conflict and also on other countries. Despite
this, other countries follow the U.S. laws against gun control, the problem is
that the countries aren't or are strict with it. For example, U.S. criticize
Canada because it has a great security but the guns are still been trafficking.
That's why new movements against gun control policy had started as the “Stop
NRA (National Rifle Association)”; people sign a petition with the meaning of
block concealed carry reciprocity legislation that would undermine state laws
protecting residents from gun violence if this action is completed with a goal
of 100,000 petitions, this would stop the NRA[1].
If this is achieved the traffic of guns and the violent acts in USA will reduce
in a high percentage, also the commercialization of legal arms would be
prohibit. Other countries in support of gun control policy stop are Australia,
Japan and U.K.
Russian legislation on gun
control is relatively strict, limiting the circulation of firearms to Russian
citizens older than eighteen years of age with a registered permanent
residence, and for the purposes of self-defense, hunting, and sports activities
only. The acquisition of guns is based on licenses provided for a
five-year period by local police departments at one’s place of residence after
a thorough background check. Mentally ill people, alcohol and those who have been
treated for substance abuse are not allowed to possess firearms. The law
broadly defines self-defense weapons, including smoothbore long barreled guns,
pistols, and revolvers.
In
2010, it was reported that the Russian Parliament was considering loosening gun
control laws to allow Russians who legally own firearms to carry them for the
purposes of self-defense. The Russian Justice Minister, Alexander Konovalov[2]
was firmly against the possibility. It is not clear who exactly will be able to
qualify to own pistols, for example. It’s not impossible to obtain a license to
own a shotgun in Russia, but a person must be a shotgun owner for several years
before they may purchase a rifle. The change in the law is likely related to a
petition submitted by over 100,000 Russians to allow firearms to be used to
defend their residences. The petition was submitted in February of 2014, for
the third time. There are said to be five million legal firearms owners in
Russia, though there are many more who own firearms without legal sanction. Although universal background checks may sound
appealing, the private sale of guns between strangers is a small percentage of
overall gun sales. Worse, the background check bills are written so broadly
that they would turn most gun owners into criminals for innocent acts — such as
letting one’s sister borrow a gun for an afternoon of target shooting. The fact
of letting gun control so accessible has done a lot of harm to a lot of people.
A gun control excellent proposal is the one that
the former president Obama proposed which was rejected through his 8 years of
presidency. Expresident Obama's gun safety proposal
deals with access to firearms and ammunition, school safety, mental health
awareness and treatment as well as how the federal government and states run
background checks and on the types of gun sales subject to those checks. For
the backgrounds it would be to universal criminal and mental health checks for
all firearms sales, this would increase federal funds to improve the national
background check system for gun purchases. That would mean money for more
personnel to answer phones when background checks are made, more agents to
inspect licensed firearms dealers. In addition to his proposals for directly
legislating access to guns and ammunition, former president Obama suggest that he'll
make a push for expanding the research opportunities on gun violence. For
mental health, former president Obama proposes more training for mental health
professionals and school counselors and may provide some federal funds for this
goal. He will also seek better mental health training for first responders so
they might detect mental health problems or warning signs. This helps a lot the
on gun control because as the topic, it needs to be a gun control which with
this proposal of former president Obama it would decrease violent acts and the sale
of guns; as you can see when this proposal was made public the sale of guns
increase quickly because of the danger it can make to gun dealer.
·
Roudik P. (2013). Firearms-Control Legislation and Policy:
Russian Federation. March 4th, 2017, of Library of Congress. Web site: https://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/russia.php
·
Weingarten D.
(2014). Russia Changes Law to Allow Guns
to be Carried for Self Defense. March 27th, 2017, de The Truth About Guns.
Web site: http://www.thetruthaboutguns.com/2014/11/dean-weingarten/russia-changes-law-allow-guns-carried-self-defense/
·
Madison L. &
Garret M. (2013). What are Obama's gun
control proposals?. March 28th, 2017, de CBS News. Web Site: http://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-are-obamas-gun-control-proposals/
[1] The NRA is an American organization that defends the right to possess
guns for self-defense such as recreational activities.
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